In this week’s reading, Nitzavim-Vayelech, Moses gathers the Israelites on the day of his passing to enter them into a covenant with G‑d. He warns of the exile and desolation of the Land that will result when Israel abandons God’s laws, but assures them that they will eventually repent, and G‑d will then return His people to the Holy Land. This portion also talks about freedom of choice and the mitzvah of teshuvah (repentance). Moses transferred leadership to Joshua and wrote a Torah scroll which he handed over to the Levites. Moses commanded the Israelites to gather following every Sabbatical year.

On the final day of his earthly life, Moses gathered all the Israelites — men, women, and children — to enter them into a covenant with G‑d, establishing the Israelites as G‑d’s exclusive nation. Moses warned the Israelites not to be tempted by the idolatrous lifestyles of the Egyptians and the other sundry nations through which they had passed in the course of their travels. Moses warned of the dire consequences which will befall the individual, family, or tribe, which would forsake their covenant with G‑d. This section concludes with the concept of communal responsibility for not appropriately punishing individual sinners.

Moses informed the Israelites what will occur after they are exiled from their land due to their sins. Eventually they will wholeheartedly return to God, and God will gather them from the furthest reaches of the heavens and return them to the land of their forefathers. At that point, Moses says, “God will ‘circumcise’ your heart and the heart of your offspring, so that you may love the L-rd your G‑d with all your heart and with all your soul.”

When God gathers His people’s exiles, the Israelites will once again serve God, and will be blessed with abundance in the work of their hands, the fruit of their wombs, the fruit of their land, and the fruit of their livestock. Moses enjoined the people to follow the mitzvot, informing them that “it is not beyond you nor is it remote from you. It is not in heaven… It is not across the sea…. Rather, it is very close to you, in your mouth, in your heart, that you may do it.”

Moses told to the Jewish people that they have been given free choice to choose between good and evil, life and death. Their choice will determine whether they are the beneficiaries of G‑d’s blessings or curses. Moses implored the Israelites to choose life. Moses informed the people that he is 120 years of age on that day, and he is not permitted to cross the Jordan River together with them. Instead, Joshua will lead them, and G‑d will go before them and destroy their enemies. Moses enjoined the Israelites to be strong and not fear their enemies.

Moses summoned Joshua and told him to be strong and courageous, for G‑d will be going before him and will not forsake him. Moses then wrote the entire Torah and gave it to the Kohnaim (priests) and the Israelite elders. Moses gives the commandment of Hakhel (assembly), whereby every seven years, during the holiday of Sukkot which follows the Sabbatical year, all men, women, and children assemble and the king publicly reads sections of the Torah.

God commanded Moses to enter the Tabernacle together with Joshua. G‑d appeared to them both and informed them that a time will come when the Israelites will abandon G‑d and stray after alien gods. At that time, G‑d will hide His countenance from the nation, and they will be subjected to much evils and troubles. Therefore, G‑d says, “Write for yourselves this song, and teach it to the Children of Israel. Place it into their mouths, in order that this song will be for Me as a witness…” This ‘song’ is narrated in next week’s Torah reading.

When God’s wrath will find the Israelites as a consequence of their evil actions, they will claim that the misfortunes are befalling them because G‑d has abandoned them. At that time, the song which Moses and Joshua wrote will bear testimony that these events are in fact punishment for their sinful behavior. Moses took the freshly concluded Torah scroll and gave it to the Levites. He instructed them to place it beside the Ark which contained the Tablets. Moses then gathered the entire nation to hear the song, wherein he would call upon the heavens and earth to be witnesses that the Israelites were forewarned regarding their fate.

La sección de Nitzavím (firmes) contiene algunos de los principios más fundamentales de la fe judía:

La unión del pueblo judío: “Todos ustedes se encuentran hoy firmes ante Di-s, su Di-s, los jefes de sus tribus, los ancianos, los oficiales, todos los hombres de Israel; los niños, las mujeres, el extraño que vive con ustedes; desde el leñador hasta el aguatero”.

La futura redención: Moshé advierte sobre el exilio y la desolación de la tierra que ocurrirá si el pueblo abandona las leyes Divinas. Sin embargo luego profetiza que, al final, “Retornarás hacia Di-s… Aunque tus desterrados estén en el extremos del cielo, también de allí te reunirá Di-s… y te traerá a la tierra que tus padres poseyeron”.

La practicidad de la Torá: Porque este mandato que te prescribo hoy no está más allá de ti, ni está lejos. No está en el cielo… No está del otro lado del mar… Por el contrario, es muy cercano a ti, en tu boca, en tu corazón, para que lo lleves a la práctica”.

El libre albedrío: “Mira, pongo ante ti hoy, la vida y lo bueno, la muerte y lo malo… Y elegirás la vida”.

La sección de Vaiélej (y él fue) recuenta los eventos del último día de la vida terrenal de Moshé. “Tengo ciento y veinte años hoy,” dice Moshé al pueblo, “y no puedo salir y entrar más”. Moshé transfiere el liderazgo a Ioshúa, y escribe (o concluye la escritura de) la Torá en un rollo que deja en manos de los Leviím para ser guardado en el Arca del Pacto.

El precepto de Hakel (reunir) es dado: cada siete años, durante el festival de Sucot del primer año del ciclo de Shmitá (año sabático), todo el pueblo judío, hombres, mujeres y niños, deben reunirse en el Templo de Ierushaláim, donde el rey debe leer de la Torá frente a ellos.

Vaielej concluye con la predicción de que el pueblo judío se apartará del pacto con Di-s, causando que Di-s se oculte, pero también con la promesa de que las palabras de la Torá “no serán olvidadas de las bocas de tus descendientes”.